Scale
I suppose one of the first things that comes to my mind when thinking about scale and using scale to establish heirarchy or to create an illusion, I think of how the Lord of the Rings movies had to be shot in “forced perspective” to create the illusion of people who were actually about the same size to be interacting as though they were very different in size.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMJj1ZmgxQE
Understanding how that works kind of opens a door to how someone in art (photography, for example) might go about creating very cool illusions without using something like Photoshop.